Low-emittance storage rings

The effects of synchrotron radiation on particle motion in storage rings are discussed. In the absence of radiation, particle motion is symplectic, and the beam emittances are conserved. The inclusion of radiation effects in a classical approximation leads to emittance damping: expressions for the damping times are derived. Then, it is shown that quantum radiation effects lead to excitation of the beam emittances. General expressions for the equilibrium longitudinal and horizontal (natural) emittances are derived. The impact of lattice design on the natural emittance is discussed, with particular attention to the special cases of FODO, achromat, and TME style lattices. Finally, the effects of betatron coupling and vertical dispersion (generated by magnet alignment and lattice tuning errors) on the vertical emittance are considered.Comment: Presented at the CERN Accelerator School CAS 2013: Advanced Accelerator Physics Course, Trondheim, Norway, 18-29 August 201

Explicit symplectic integrator for particle tracking in s-dependent static electric and magnetic fields with curved reference trajectory

We describe a method for symplectic tracking of charged particles through static electric and magnetic fields. The method can be applied to cases where the fields have a dependence on longitudinal as well as transverse position, and where the reference trajectory may have non-zero curvature. Application of the method requires analytical expressions for the scalar and vector potentials: we show how suitable expressions, in the form of series analogous to multipole expansions, can be constructed from numerical field data, allowing the method to be used in cases where only numerical field data are available.Comment: 17 page

Revision of the plant bug genus Xenocylapidius (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Miridae, Cylapinae), with descriptions of five new species from Australia and New Caledonia

The genus Xenocylapidius Gorczyca, 1997 is revised. Five new species: Xenocylapidiusacutipennis sp. n., Xenocylapidiusater sp. n., Xenocylapidiusbimaculatus sp. n., Xenocylapidiusgemellus sp. n., and Xenocylapidiusrolandi sp. n. are described from Australia and New Caledonia. Illustrations of the male genitalia, color photographs of dorsal and lateral views of the adults of all species, and key to species of the genus Xenocylapidius are provided

Ograniczone, powtarzające się i stereotypowe wzorce zachowań, zainteresowań i aktywności u małych dzieci ze spektrum autyzmu

Developmental social and communication disorders are immanent in small children with autism. However, occurrence and intensity of rigid behavior patterns in children aged under three years do not follow a uniform template. Symptoms of limited, repeated and stereotypical patterns of behavior and in-terests are key elements for diagnosing autism, yet the range of these behaviors, interests and improper behavior patterns is extremely diverse in children.An attempt was made to analyze the above-mentioned symptom types based on the author’s recent research. The obtained results may aid a deeper understanding of the functioning of autistic children not only in the sphere characterized above but also in the social and communication spheres.Zaburzenia w rozwoju społecznym i komunikacyjnym u małych dzieci z autyzmem są elementami zawsze występującymi. Natomiast nie ma zgod-ności co do występowania i nasilenia sztywnych wzorców zachowania u małych dzieci przed trzecim rokiem życia. Objawy związane z ograniczonymi, powta-rzającymi się i stereotypowymi wzorcami zachowania oraz zainteresowaniami są koniecznymi elementami dla postawienia diagnozy autyzmu. Jednak charakter tych zachowań, zainteresowań i nieprawidłowych wzorców zachowania jest naj-bardziej zróżnicowany u poszczególnych dzieci. Podjęto próbę przeanalizowania występowania wspomnianych objawów w opar-ciu o prowadzone w ostatnim okresie badania. Zgromadzone wyniki pomocne mogą być w pełniejszym zrozumieniu funkcjonowania dziecka z autyzmem nie tylko w opisywanym zakresie, lecz także w sferze społecznej i komunikacyjnej

Pituitary gland imaging - review of the literature

Introduction: is an endocrine gland located upon the hypophysial fossa of the sphenoid bone in the center of the middle cranial fossa and is surrounded by a small bony cavity (sella turcica). Radiological procedures are playing essential role in present diagnostic of pituitary gland. Pituitary tumours can now be visualized more accurately due to continued improvements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques with gadolinium enhancement. Aim of the study: This article summarizes the current knowledge about radiological imaging of pituitary gland and in particular MRI scan procedures. In this paper we also want to show how the imaging of the pituitary gland looked like in the past and nowadays. Description of knowledge: Diagnostic procedures play primary role in present diagnosis and treatment of pituitary gland and sella turcica tumours. It is crucial for further diagnostic procedures to locate the tumour its size and margins. Currently magnetic resonance imaging is the more important examination just after the laboratory results. That modality easily shows exact location and tumours smaller than 1 cm. Radiological differentiation of lessions wouldn’t be possible without contrast agents. The latest MRI study protocols involve dynamic and delayed sequences for better visualisation and differential diagnostic. Conclusions: During the years radiological techniques evolved and gave us the perfect tool to visualize the pituitary gland and its pathologies

Thermoresponsive polymer gating system on mesoporous shells of silica particles serving as smart nanocontainers

Spherical silica nanoparticles with solid cores and mesoporous shells (SCMS) were decorated with thermoresponsive polymer brushes that were shown to serve as macromolecular valves to control loading and unloading of a model dye within the mesopores. Thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) brushes were grafted from the surfaces of both solid core (SC) and SCMS particles of similar size using surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. Both systems based on porous (SCMS-PNIPAM) and nonporous (SC-PNIPAM) particles were characterized using cryo-TEM, thermogravimetry and elemental analysis to determine the structure and composition of the decorated nanoparticles. The grafted PNIPAM brushes were found to be responsive to temperature changes enabling temperature-controlled gating of the pores. The processes of loading and unloading in the obtained systems were examined using a model fluorescent dye—rhodamine 6G. Polymer brushes in SCMS-PNIPAM systems were shown to serve as molecular valves enabling significant adsorption (loading) of the dye inside the pores with respect to the SC-PNIPAM (no pores) and SCMS (no valves) systems. The effective unloading of the fluorescent cargo molecules from the decorated nanoparticles was achieved in a water/methanol solution. The obtained SCMS-PNIPAM particles may be used as smart nanocontainers or nanoreactors offering also facile isolation from the suspension due to the presence of dense cores

Sulawesifulvius thailandicus - a new species of the genus Sulawesifulvius Gorczyca, Cherot & Stys from Thailand (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Miridae, Cylapinae)

A new species of the genus Sulawesifulvius, S. thailandicus Wolski, Yasunaga & Gorczyca, sp. n., is described from Thailand. The present finding also represents the first distribution record in Indochina for the genus. Color adult habitus images for S. thailandicus and S. schuhi (type species of the genus), male genital drawings of S. thailandicus, and scanning electron micrographs of selected structures of S. schuhi and S. thailandicus are provided

Retrospective analysis of stentgraft implantation in Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology of the 4th Independent Public Clinical Hospital in Lublin in 2016

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a localized enlargement of the abdominal aorta such that the diameter is greater than 3 cm or more than 50% larger than normal diameter. The abdominal aorta is the most common site of true arterial aneurysm affecting predominantly the segment of aorta below the renal arteries (intrarenal aorta). Well-defined risk factors are associated with the development of AAA and include older age, male gender, Caucasian race, a positive family history, smoking, the presence of other large vessel aneurysms and atherosclerosis. A retrospective analysis of clinical data of the patients admitted to Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology of the 4th Independent Public Clinical Hospital in Lublin was made. 33,3% of the implantations were performed as an emergency and life-saving procedures and according to our results higher risks of developing AAA are in male population and that risk is higher in older patients